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Kaziranga National Park

National Parks provide ample opportunities to the visitors to have a close encounters with the wilds. Indian National Parks is the variance that they are equipped with. Whether it comes to the flora, fauna or witnessing various wild animals in their natural surroundings.

Kaziranga National Park is a World Heritage Site,in the Golaghat and Nagaon districts of Assam, India, where world’s great one-horned Rhinoceroses live. Kaziranga not only gives shelter to Rhinoceroses but also provides shelter to a variety of wild lives like: Tigers, Elephants, Water Buffalo and Swamp Kaziranga National parkdeer, Hog Deer, Sloth Bears, Tigers, Leopard Cats, Jungle Cats etc. Kaziranga National Park is a birding paradise .Kaziranga is recognised as an Important Bird Area by Birdlife International for conservation of avifaunal species. kaziranga National Park has achieved great success in wildlife conservation.

History
The Kaziranga Game Sanctuary was renamed the Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary in 1950 by P.D. Stracey. In 1954, the government of Assam passed the (Rhinoceros) Bill, to pay heavy panalties for killing rhinoceros. In 1968, the state government passed the Act declaring Kaziranga a designated national park. The 430 km² (166 mi²) park was given official status by the central government on February 11, 1974. In 1985, Kaziranga was declared a World Heritage Site by UNESCO for its unique natural environment. Kaziranga is 225km from Guwahati. The Tezpur - Tawang highway that gets you from Kaziranga to Eaglenest follows Arunachal's richly forested Kameng river valley. The road reaches its highest point at 1,700m at Nechi Phu and then descends into the Tenga valley before Bomdila. About Nechi Phu lies the Cloud Forest zone, an enchanting subtropical forest draped in moss and mist throughout the year. Fly from Delhi to Guwahati, or from Kolkata to Tezpur. Travelling to Arunachal requires even Indian citizens to acquire a permit The permit can be obtained from the Arunachal Pradesh resident commissioners in Delhi, Kolkata, Guwahati or Shillong.

 

Facts

Climate:
During winters(November-February)temperature raise high by 25 °C and low by 5 °C. In summers specifically in March and May is really hot months,with temperature reaching high of 37 °C. During this season, animals are found near water bodies. In monsoon season (June to September) The average rainfall is 160 cms. But the monsoon months bring heavy downpours which often flood the park.

Best Time to Visit:
Kaziranga's visiting season is from mid-November to early April months. During the monsoons, the Brahmaputra River bursts its banks, flooding the low-lying grasslands and causing animals to migrate from one area to another within the Kaziranga National Park.
How to get there

By Air:
The nearest airport is in Guwahati, which is 217-km away from the park. The other airport is located at Jorhat, 97-km from Kaziranga.

By Rail:
The nearest railhead is Furkating, situated 75-km away from Kaziranga National Park

By Road:
The main gate for Kaziranga Wildlife Sanctuary, is at Kohora and private buses stop here on their way to and from Guwahati, Tezpur and Upper Assam. Some private buses also retain a seat quota for Kaziranga passengers


Flora and Fauna

The park contains about 15 species of India's threatened (Schedule I) mammals. It harbours the world's largest population of Indian rhinoceros Rhinoceros unicornis (E), which has increased from a few dozen in 1908 (Gee, 1964) to some 1,080 in 1984 and 1,100 in 1988. Other mammals include capped langur Presbytis pileata, a small population of hoolock gibbon Hylobates hoolock, tiger Panthera tigris (E), leopard P. pardus (T), sloth bear Melursus ursinus (I), Indian elephant Elephas maximus (E) (523), Ganges dolphin Platanista gangetica, otter Lutra lutra, wild boar Sus scrofa (3,645), water buffalo Bubalus arnee (V) (677), gaur Bos gaurus (V) (30), sambar Cervus unicolor (358), swamp deer C. duvauceli (V) (756), hog deer C. porcinus (9,872) and Indian muntjac Muntiacus muntjak. Population estimates are based on the 1984 census, details of which are given by Choudhury (1987). Elephants and other animals migrate with the advent of the monsoon and head southwards to the Mikir Hills and beyond to avoid the annual flooding of the national park in 1981. The numerous water bodies are rich reservoirs of food (including fish) andthousands of migratory birds, representing over 100 species, visit the park seasonally from as far afield as Siberia. There is a grey pelican Pelecanus philippensis rookery near Kaziranga Village. Other birds of interest include black-necked stork Ephippiorhynchus asiaticus, lesser adjutant stork Leptoptilos javanicus, Pallas's fish eagle Haliaeetus leucoryphus, grey-headed fish eagle Icthyophaga icthyaetus, perhaps 25-30 Bengal florican Houbaropsis bengalensis (E), swamp partridge Francolinus gularis, grey peacock-pheasant Polyplectron bicalcaratum, great pied hornbill Buceros bicornis, green imperial pigeon Ducula aenea, silver-breasted broadbill Serilophus lunatus and Jerdon's bushchat Saxicola jerdoni. The avifauna comprises over 300 species in 1987.



 






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